中国曾经是领先世界文明的古老国度之一,然而18、19世纪在中国出现的有利于现代化发展的因素却不能够引导中国实现现代化。中国现代化进程中的步履蹒跚是多重复杂因素相互作用的结果,导致这一困境的根源则在于中国所具有的独特思维模式。在政教一体化的社会中,儒教意识形态对思维的局限使得中国人的行为难以跳出窠臼,摆脱意识形态对政治、科技和经济的掌控,从而导致中国近代的现代化困境重重。%As one of the oldest culture around the world, China failed to realize the modernization with the positive factors in the 18th and 19th century. Such a situation is the result of many complicated reasons which are due to the specific thinking pattern. In a society where politics has a tide relation with religion, Confucianism has a big effect on Chinese thinking pattern and make it difficult for Chinese people to get rid of the rigid ideological control on politics , science and economy.
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