在国内哲学界，人们一直认为“一切社会关系的总和”和“自由自觉的活动”是马克思关人的本质的两个主要论断，而忽视了马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中明确表达出的一个洞见：自然是人的本质。马克思对人的自然本质的考察始终有一个历史的维度，他认为西欧近代工业生产既把人的本质力量充分地关注外部自然之中，同时也以异化的形式使工人失去了自己的自然本质，失去了整个自然界。在工人同自然界相异化的同时，工人也与资本家相异化。马克思有关人的自然本质的洞见，对当代生态文明的构建具有多方面的启迪意义。%In the Chinese philosophy circle people regard Marx’s two points of the thesis of“all social relations” and “ being free and conscious activity views” about the innate character of individual. People ignored Marx’s one view that nature is the innate character of man from Manuscript of Economic Philosophy in 1844. Marx maintained a historic dimension for examination of the essence of nature. He thought the man’s innate character force displayed out nature in the western European modern industry production. At the same time it made workers lost their natural essence in the form of being changed in difference and lost the whole natural circle. In the time of workers the capitalists were being foreignized as well. That Marx’s view on man’s nature essence would be of revelation significance in construction of the present ecologic civilization.
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