论船舶优先权与海事赔偿责任限制的冲突与解决

摘要

船舶优先权与海事赔偿责任限制的适用存在矛盾的问题由来已久, 国际方面为解决该矛盾在《1993年关于海上优先权与抵押权国际公约》第十五条关于公约的冲突中规定:"对于规定责任限制的国际公约或者国内立法, 本公约的任何条款不能影响其适用".这也意味着当二者产生冲突时, 船舶优先权应当为海事赔偿责任限制让步.虽然我国《海商法》第三十条也有类似规定, 但是目前在我国司法实践中, 各海事法院、甚至同一法院的不同法官仍持有不同的见解, 因此对该类型案件的判决结果也不尽相同.文章通过对该问题进行深入分析, 以寻求合理的解决之道.%The conflict between Maritime lien and Limitation of Liability of Maritime Claims (LLMC) has existed for a long time. The1993 International Convention on Maritime Lien and Mortgage, which provides that maritime line should not affect the performance of LLMC, has been made in order to solve the conflict, indicating that LLMC should prevail over maritime lien. Although the Chinese Maritime Code has the similar provision, the Chinese courts still hold different opinions regarding the question, which leads to adverse judgments in practice. Through an in-depth analysis on relevant regulations and cases, this paper aims to put forward suitable solutions.