侗族传统民居形制的建筑人类学研究

摘要

Architecture is one of main carriers to represent ethnic culture . As a component of building , dwelling modality contains such function . By using method of architecture anthropology , the article finds that though two main modality of traditional Dong dwellings -independent and combining dwelling show similarities on integrated function , dwelling culture and others , there are also some significant differences on vertical hierarchy , horizontal function distribution , utilizing taboos and etc between them . The differentiation process from similarity to difference of independent and combining dwellings represents the social and cultural change of Dong nationality . And during this process , the cultural function of dwelling modality plays a role from the beginning .%建筑是表征民族文化特征的主要载体之一，作为建筑的一个侧面，民居形制也蕴含这样的功能。运用建筑人类学的方法分析发现，虽然侗族传统民居的两种主要形制———独立式和联排式在整体功能、民居文化内涵等方面有相似之处，可是二者在空间分层、平面功能分区和使用禁忌等方面也存在明显差异，二者由相似到差异的分化过程表征着侗族社会文化上的变化趋势，民居形制的文化功能一直贯彻其中。