上游水电站调蓄下施工导流风险效益分摊模型

摘要

In order to effectively balance the risks of upstream and downstream hydropower stations and the peak load dispatching hydropower station, and reasonably share their benefits, we considered the effects of flood regulation and the storage process of the upstream station as a cooperative risk benefit and used the least core method in cooperative games to establish a least core model of diversion risk benefit sharing under the conditions of the construction of cascade hydropower stations, in order to calculate the diversion risk benefit sharing quota. A case study shows that the sharing of the diversion system and the pumped storage hydropower station exhibited negative values due to the benefits from the water diversion and flood storage at the upstream station, which means that we need to compensate the upstream hydropower station. The sharing of expenses of all the three hydropower stations varied with the change of diversion standards.%为有效地均衡上、下游水电站与调峰电站之间的风险并合理分摊合作效益，将上游水电站汛期调蓄过程对导流系统和调峰电站引起的成本收益看作一种合作性的风险效益，运用合作博弈中的最小核心法建立梯级水电站建设条件下的导流风险效益分摊最小核心模型，求解梯级水电站建设条件下施工导流风险效益的分摊额度。实例计算结果表明：由于下游水电站施工导流系统和抽水蓄能电站受惠于上游水电站的调蓄作用，其分摊结果为负值，需支付上游水电站补偿金；不同的导流标准使分摊额度在梯级水电站群与调峰电站之间转移。