2013－2014年某医院大肠埃希氏菌耐药性分析

摘要

Objective To understand the current hospital infection of pathogenic bacteria distribution and the antimicrobial resistance , and to provide reference for clinical rational use of antimicrobial drugs . Methods Using VITEK system or API for strain identification , determination of bacterial drug sensitivity by disc diffusion method ( K-B) .Results From 2013 to 2014 , the main pathogenic bacteria in hospital clinical infection of gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli ( E.coli) accounted for 25.8%.E.coli were resistant to azlocillin , azithromycin, ceftriaxone and levofloxacin , which showed a resistance fre-quency above 40%.On the other hand , it was relatively sensitive to amikacin , gatifloxacin ,cefoperazone and clindamycin .There was a statistical significance of drug resistance between 2013 and 2014 .Conclu-sion E.coli resistance phenomenon is relatively serious .Medicine choice should be based on the patho-genic bacteria distribution and drug resistance .%目的：了解2013年—2014年某县级医院感染病原菌分布及对抗菌药物的耐药率，为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法采用VITEK系统或API系统进行菌株鉴定，细菌药物敏感性测定采用纸片扩散法（ K－B法）。结果2013年—2014年该院临床感染的主要病原菌为革兰阴性菌，大肠埃希氏菌占25．8％。在耐药药物中，其对阿洛西林、阿奇霉素、头孢曲松、左氧氟沙星的耐药率均在40％以上。对阿米卡星、加替沙星、头孢哌酮和克林霉素较为敏感。其耐药率在两年的变迁有统计学意义（χ2＝25．145，P＜0．01） 。结论大肠埃希氏菌耐药现象比较严重，应根据病原菌的分布及其耐药性合理选用抗菌药物。