2000-2013年河南省耕地的时空变化分析

摘要

The temporal and spatial change of cultivated land is the core problem of cultivated land protection .Based on digital land use maps of 2000 and 2013 and exerted GIS techniques and mathematical methods , this research showed changes in cultivated land in Henan province between 2000 and 2013 .The quantity change of cultivated land in the whole province showed a decrease of 3.53%,and the spatial variation showed that 10.69%of the culti-vated land and other land use types had the change of spatial position ..At the integrated land use zone scale ,the change of cultivated land was greater in Zhongyuan Urban Community Zone and Yuxinan Zone while it was smaller in Huanghuai Four Municipalities Zone and Yubei Zone .At the municipality scale ,the area of cultivated land in-creased differently in Hebi ,Luoyang and Jiyuan while it decreased variously in the rest 15 municipalities .The de-crease rate was larger in some municipalities ,such as Zhengzhou and Puyang ,and it was smaller in other municipal-ities,such as Sanmenxia and Zhumadian .Zhengzhou had the largest decrease rate and Sanmenxia had the greatest swap change rate among 18 municipalities .Equally significant ,swap change rate was larger than quantitative change rate in whole province ,integrated land use zones and municipalities .However ,they did not vary consistently among municipalities .For example , Smanmenxia had both the greatest swap change rate and the smallest quantitative change rate among 18 municipalities.Thus both the swap change and the quantitative change should be given e -nough attention to protect cultivated land .The paper provided valuable information for analyzing extensively the dy-namic balance of the total amount of cultivated land in Henan province .%耕地的时空变化是耕地保护关注的核心问题。根据2000和2013年的2期土地利用空间数据，运用GIS技术和土地利用转换矩阵等方法，分析了2000—2013年河南省耕地的时空变化。耕地的时空变化包括数量变化和空间变化2个方面，全省耕地的数量变化表现为面积减少3．53％，空间变化表现为10．69％的耕地与其他土地利用类型发生了空间位置的变换。从土地利用综合区来看，中原城市群区和豫西南区耕地的数量变化与空间变化相对较大，而黄淮四市区和豫北区相对较小。从省辖市来看，鹤壁、济源和洛阳耕地的数量变化表现为面积增加，其余15个市皆表现为面积减少；另外，郑州等市耕地面积的减少幅度较大，三门峡等市耕地的空间变化幅度较大。全省各土地利用综合区以及各省辖市耕地的空间变化幅度皆大于数量变化幅度，而且二者的变化并不一致，例如，18个市中三门峡耕地的空间变化幅度最大，但数量变化幅度最小。因此，耕地的空间变化与数量变化皆应受到足够的重视。本研究结果为深入分析河南省耕地总量动态平衡状况，进而研究因地制宜的保护对策提供了科学信息。