杨树人工林表层土壤水分及养分特征对森林抚育的响应

摘要

In order to address the effects of forest tending on the soil physical and chemical properties of soil surface,three treatments of forest tending densities were set up in Populus plantation forest in Zhengzhou Huiji area of Henan Province,and soil sampling and relative experiments were carried out,the effects of different tending densities on soil water and nutrients were analyzed.The results showed that soil saturated water holding capacity,soil non-capillary porosity,soil capillary porosity and soil bulk density of two soil layers increased significantly with the increase of forest trending density,the relationship between three treatments was middle ＞ weak ＞ control,and the soil bulk density of 0 ～ 10 cm soil layers was greatly higher than that of the other two soil layers(P ＜ 0.05).Soil initial infiltration rate,soil stable infiltration rate,cumulative infiltration capacity of former 36 min and soil average infiltration the rate of former 36 min in the soil layer of 0 ～ 10 cm were significantly higher than those of the 10 ～20 cm layer(P ＜ 0.05).The soil organic carbon content and soil organic carbon storage in the 0 ～ 10 cm layer of three treatments were significantly higher than that of the 10 ～ 20 cm layer(P ＜ 0.05),and with the thinning intensity increasing,soil organic carbon content and organic carbon storage were increasing correspondingly,soil organic carbon content and soil organic carbon storage of middle tending were significantly higher than that control and weak tending(P ＜ 0.05).The total nitrogen content of two soil layers increased with the thinning intensity increased,and middle tending to achieve maximum values,which were 0.998 g · kg-1 and 0.597 g · kg-1.Obvious effects of forest tending on the soil surface were addressed,soil bulk density was reduced,the soil capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity were improved,at the same time,soil organic carbon were increased too.%为了研究森林抚育经营活动对人工林地表层土壤理化特性的影响,以郑州市惠济区黄河滩区杨树人工中龄林为研究对象,森林抚育3 a后,设置了3个不同抚育强度处理水平,进行了野外取样和室内试验,研究了不同抚育强度对杨树人工林表层土壤水分及养分特征的影响.结果表明,2个土层土壤饱和持水量、土壤非毛管孔隙度、土壤毛管孔隙度与土壤容重均随抚育强度的增大而增加,大小关系为:中度＞弱度＞对照,其中对照0～10 cm层土壤容重显著高于其它2个处理水平(P＜0.05);3个处理水平土壤0～10 cm层土壤初渗速率、土壤稳定入渗速率、前36 min入渗量和前36 min平均入渗速率均显著高于10～20 cm层(P＜0.05).3个处理水平土层0～ 10 cm层土壤有机碳质量分数和土壤有机碳储量均显著高于10～20 cm层(P＜0.05),且均随着抚育强度的增大而增加,其中中度抚育土壤有机碳质量分数和土壤有机碳储量显著高于对照和弱度抚育(P＜0.05).土壤0 ～ 10 cm层和10～20 cm层全氮质量分数随抚育间伐强度的增加而增大,到中度抚育时达到最大值,分别为0.998 g· kg-1和0.597 g·kg-1.因此,森林抚育对杨树人工林林地土壤表层的影响效果更加明显,显著降低了土壤容重,增加了土壤毛管孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度,同时土壤有机碳含量和储量均显著提高.