重庆植烟土壤改良及其对烤烟产质量的影响

摘要

In order to alleviate soil acidification, decrease tobacco morbidity and improve tobacco leaf quality and yield in Chongqing tobacco planting area,the effects of biochar,soil conditioner and their ap-plication combined with Heijingkang,Qingkuxiao on flue-cured tobacco were studied. The results showed that biochar applied alone could decrease total morbidity,improve the chemical component coordination of flue-cured tobacco leaves,decrease the yield,production value and sensory quality. Heijingkang,Qingku-xiao applied with biochar could increase the yield and production value of flue-cured tobacco leaves,and decrease tobacco morbidity, improve the chemical component coordination and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. Soil conditioner applied alone had no significant effect on economic character of flue-cured tobacco,could decrease sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves,tobacco morbidity,and im-prove the chemical component coordination of flue-cured tobacco leaves. The effect of soil conditioner ap-plied with Heijingkang and Qingkuxiao on economic character,tobacco morbidity and chemical component coordination of flue-cured tobacco leaves was poorer than soil conditioner applied alone,but which could improve the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. Overall, biochar applied with Heijingkang and Qingkuxiao could increase the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.%为减轻重庆烟区植烟土壤酸化、烟株发病率高的情况，改善烤烟产质量，探讨了生物炭、土壤调理剂及其与黑胫康、青枯消配合施用对烤后烟叶产质量的影响。结果表明，单独施用生物炭能够降低烟株的总体发病率，改善烤烟化学成分的协调性，但对烤烟的产量、产值、评吸质量有降低作用；将生物炭与黑胫康、青枯消混合施用，能有效提高烤后烟叶产量、产值，降低烟株发病率，改善烤烟化学成分的协调性，提高烤后烟叶评吸质量；单独施用土壤调理剂对烤烟经济学性状影响不显著，且降低烤烟评吸质量，但能降低烟株发病率、改善烤烟化学成分的协调性；将土壤调理剂与黑胫康、青枯消配施对烤烟经济学性状、烟株发病率、烤烟化学成分协调性的总体效果不如单独施用土壤调理剂处理，但能改善烤后烟叶评吸质量。综合分析，生物炭与青枯消、黒胫康配施能够有效提高烤后烟叶产质量。