嘧菌环胺和缬霉威复配对5种作物病原菌的室内联合毒力

摘要

The synergistic activity of cyprodinil and carbamic acid complex against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Fragariae,Colletotrichum orbiculare (Berk. & Ment. ) Arx,Plasmopara viticola(Berk. et Curtis) Berl. et de Toni, Pythium aphanidermatum ( Edson) Fitzpatrick and Botrytis cinerea Pers,the pathogenic fungi on 5 kinds of crops,strawberry,watermelon,grape,tobacco,and rose,respectively,was studied based on the mycelial growth method in the laboratory. The bioassay results showed that the EC50 values of cyprodinil against 5 fungi ranged from 0. 19 mg/L to 1. 92 mg/L,and the EC50 values of carbamic acid against 5 fungi ranged from 0. 23 mg/L to 1. 02 mg/L. When the ratio of cyprodinil and carbamic acid was 15:1,the co-toxicity cofficient(CTC) against mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Fragariae was maximum ( 217 . 70 );When the ratio of the mixture was 8:1 , the CTC against mycelial growth of Colletotrichum orbiculare (Berk.& Ment. ) Arx was maximum(203. 59); When the ratio of the mixture was 3:1,the CTC against mycelial growth of Pythium aphanidermatum ( Edson) Fitzpatrick was maximum (196. 29);When the ratio of the mixture was 1:6,the CTC against mycelial growth of Plasmopara viticola (Berk. et Curtis) Berl. et de Toni was maximum(201. 98);When the ratio of the mixture was 9:1, the CTC against mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea Pers was maximum ( 202 . 56 ) . The results suggested that cyprodinil and carbamic acid had significant synergistic activity against 5 different fungi when combined by appropriate ratio.%采用室内菌丝生长速率法,以草莓枯萎病菌、西瓜炭疽病菌、烟草猝倒病菌、葡萄霜霉病菌和月季灰霉病菌为作用目标,研究嘧菌环胺和缬霉威混配对5种病菌的联合毒力,为嘧菌环胺和缬霉威混配使用提供科学依据.结果显示,嘧菌环胺对5种病菌的有效中质量浓度(EC50)为0.19~1.92 mg/L,缬霉威对5种病菌的EC50为0.23~1.02 mg/L;当嘧菌环胺和缬霉威的混配比例为15:1时,对草莓枯萎病菌的共毒系数最大,为217.70;混配比例为8:1时,对西瓜炭疽病菌的共毒系数最大,为203.59;混配比例为3:1时,对烟草猝倒病菌的共毒系数最大,为196.29;混配比例为1:6时,对葡萄霜霉病菌的共毒系数最大,为201.98;混配比例为9:1时,对月季灰霉病菌的共毒系数最大,为202.56.表明嘧菌环胺和缬霉威按适当比例混配对5种病原菌具有明显的增效作用.