荞麦属植物花梗关节解剖结构研究

摘要

In order to study the relationship between the peduncle articulation anatomical structure and the shattering of Fagopyrum Mill,the anatomy of the peduncle articulation in flower and inflorescence samples from Fagopyrum Mill plants were studied by means of comparative observation and paraffin section.The results showed that there were abundant starch grains accumulating in the parenchyma cells of peduncle in the flowering,and there was no obvious difference in vascular bundle.The peduncle articulation was a special structure whose cells were small and closely arranged,similar to that of an abscission layer.The positions of peduncle articulation on the peduncles were different among 7 types of Fagopyrum.The morphology of articulation was more closely related to shattering.The depression of peduncle articulation usually resulted in shattering.The function of the peduncle articulation is similar to abscission layer.In general,the flowers fall off the articulation to avoid the loss of nutrition,which can promote the growth and reproduction of plants.%以荞麦属植物为研究对象,应用石蜡切片、解剖观察等方法对花梗关节进行了系统地比较分析,为研究荞麦属植物花梗关节的解剖结构与落粒性的相关性提供理论依据.结果表明:在开花期,荞麦属植物花梗薄壁细胞中有丰富的淀粉粒,维管束的分化不明显.花梗关节是一种特殊的结构,其细胞体积较小、排列紧密等特征与离层结构相似.7个荞麦属植物材料花梗关节在花梗上分布的位置不同,关节形态与落粒性关系较为密切,通常花梗关节缢缩表现出落粒.关节的作用如同离层,花从关节处脱落,避免营养流失,从而促进植物的生长、繁育.