孟子思想中“仁义”与现实联系的中介——“时”

摘要

＂Benevolence and righteousness＂ in Mencius thoughts can not be achieved without the grasp of ＂time＂. Meneius＇s idea of ＂time＂ is mainly reflected by the four dimensions： individual, family, government and world. As far as ＂individual＂ is concerned, ＂time＂ means that one＇s deed should not be limited by the concept of ＂benevolence and righteousness ＂; as far as ＂family＂ is concerned, ＂time＂ requires that family members should not be limited by the concept of ＂ethics＂; as far as ＂government＂ and ＂world＂ are concerned, grasping the ＂time＂ emphasizes that governors should not be limited by the concept of ＂the differences between the noble and the common people＂.%孟子思想中“仁义”的实现离不开对“时”的把握。孟子“时”的思想主要体现在身、家、国、天下这四个层面。在“身”层面上的“时”，主要是讲个体行为不应拘泥于“仁义”之名；在“家”层面上的“时”，主要是讲家庭成员之间不应拘泥于“人伦”之名；在“天下”与“国”层面上的“时”，主要是讲执政者不应拘泥于尊卑有别之名。