人性界定与人类发展规律(下)

         

摘要

Karl Marx has accounted of humanism from three different, but complementary, layers, i.e., individual properties, specific features and nature of human beings. This has constituted the static definition of the humanism. However, the dynamic definition may base on the static one as a start, and form a unity of the natural and cultural properties. By the natural property is meant nature of matter in content, and nature of individuality in form, while the cultural property refers to the nature of spirit in content, and sociality in form. What is the deeper understanding of human development refers, in effect, to that human history is a process, so to speak, of material progress, that this materialistic development is based on the spiritual development, that this spiritual development is based the continuously growing social relations, and that the ideal society will eventually rely on the dimensions of freedom and equality. In other words, the materialistic viewpoint of history is undergoing a historical shift from the original morphology to the modern one.

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