种植密度和行距配置对冀南地区超高产夏玉米产量的影响

摘要

Taking compact type summer maize varieties Woyu No.4 and Woyu 103 as the test materials, in the upper and middle fertile lands of south of Hebei Province , three planting densities of 67 500 , 82 500 and 97 500 plants/hm2 was designed under the row spacing of 0.6 m condition and two row spacing of wide-narrow row (80 cm+40 cm ) and equal spacing ( 60 cm +60 cm ) was set up under the density of 97 500 plants/hm2 condition, the effects of different planting densities and row spacing on yield and yield components were studied.The results showed that under the row spacing of 0.6 m condition, with the density increasing from 67 500 to 97 500 plants/hm2 , the yield of maize was increased slightly , but the grain number per spike and 1 000 grain weight were decreased significantly.Under the density of 97 500 plants/hm2 condition, wide-narrow row planting could better to improve the yield component traits than that of equal spacing planting , and wide-narrow row planting had significant effect on grain number per spike and 1 000 grain weight, then significantly increased the yield of maize.%在冀南地区中上等肥力地块，以紧凑型夏玉米品种沃玉四号和沃玉103为试验材料，研究了行距0.6 m条件下不同种植密度（6.75万株/hm2、8.25万株/hm2和9.75万株/hm2）和9.75万株/hm2高密度栽培条件下不同行距配置〔宽窄行（80 cm＋40 cm）、等行距（60 cm＋60 cm）〕对夏玉米产量及其构成要素的影响。结果表明：行距0.6 m 条件下，种植密度在6.75万～9.75万株/hm2范围内，随着密度的增大，玉米产量略有增加，但穗部经济性状变差，其中穗粒数和千粒重降低显著；在9.75万株/hm2高密度栽培条件下，宽窄行（80 cm＋40 cm）种植较等行距（60 cm＋60 cm）种植能够改善产量构成性状，其中对穗粒数和千粒重影响显著，明显提高玉米产量。