小麦淀粉颗粒蛋白－1突变体挖掘及其相关农艺性状和品质特点的分析

摘要

Mutations of starch granule protein 1 ( SGP-1 ) are the basis for developing new varieties with high amylose content in endosperm for the food with high resistant starch.In this study, SDS-PAGE was adapted for separating SGP-1 ( SGP-A1、 SGP-B1 and SGP-D1 ) and identifying SGP-1 mutations and their agronomy and quality-related traits.Four winter wheat varieties were identified as mutations.Thereinto, three, CH62444, EAP74961 and Amigo, originated from aboard with SGP-A1 null, SGP-A1 and -D1 null, and SGP-A1 and -B1 null, respectively, and one, 05Heichu8 from our group was a high line with SGP-A1 null.Heading date of EAP74961, 05Heichu8 and Amigo was normal in our region, but CH62444 was late-heading.The height of the three foreign varieties was too high.For these four mutations, the content of water-insoluble pentosans in fran was dominant, comparing to water-soluble pentosans and the content of the two components was close in endospprm.However, total pantosans content of CH62444, Amigo and 05Heichu8 were 14.33%, 15.20% and 12.91%, higher in bran, but EAP74961 was 1.34%, higher in flour.All these four mutations had a very low difference in starch components and their contents.%小麦淀粉颗粒蛋－1（starch granule protein 1，即 SGP－1）突变体是选育高直链淀粉含量、高抗性淀粉小麦品种的重要基础材料。 SGP－1突变缺失，使胚乳中支链淀粉侧链的延伸受阻，从而使胚乳表观直链淀粉含量相对升高，所制食品的抗性淀粉含量也相应提高，具有重要的保健意义。本研究主要是利用SDS－PAGE方法，检测307份国内外农家种、育成种、高代品系及国内外黑小麦材料的 SGP－1（ SGP－A1、SGP－B1和SGP－D1）蛋白组成，进而发掘SGP－1突变体；并对突变体材料进行相关农艺性状和品质性状特点的分析，为育种利用及品质改良提供参考。结果共检测到4份SGP－1突变体，均为冬性材料，其中国外材料3份（CH62444、 EAP74961和 Amigo）、高代品系1份（05黑初8），分别为 SGP－A1单缺体， SGP－A1和－D1双缺体， SGP－A1和－B1双缺体，以及 SGP－A1单缺体。在主要农艺性状方面， EAP74961、05黑初8和Amigo抽穗期与石4185（ CK）相近，而CH62444则抽穗较晚，并且3份国外材料植株均较高。这4份突变体材料麸皮中的非水溶性戊聚糖含量相对于水溶性戊聚糖占绝对优势，而胚乳中非水溶性戊聚糖含量与水溶性戊聚糖含量则较为接近，但 CH62444、 Amigo和05黑初8麸皮中的总戊聚糖含量较高（分别为14．33％，15．20％和12．91％），而EAP74961面粉中的总戊聚糖含量（1．34％）较高。在淀粉组分含量方面，4份突变体材料差异不大。