对现代管理中工具理性的反思

摘要

Instrumental rationality has created enormous material civilization of modern society, but it has also incurred a lot of blame and criticism.Back in the one hundred year evolution of modern management history,instrumental rationality still holds an irreplaceable position in the core work of modern management and management practice.Instrumental rationality deeply affects the modern de-velopment of management,and it also deepens the connotation of modern management and the man-agement pattern and guides the development direction of the western modern management.But with the reflection on the issue of management practice,"human nature hypothesis"under the thinking of instrumental rationality,"efficiency"following the instrumental rationality,alienation of human from bureaucratic organization,and the decline of value rationality under the instrumental rationality have become prominent problems.Only infusing the concept of"3p"humanistic management into the mod-ern management,strengthening the construction of administrative ethics,and setting up the effective evaluation system of the management value can realize the fusion and unification of instrumental ra-tionality and value rationality in the management,and find a better way for the development of instru-mental rationality.%工具理性创造了现代社会的巨大物质文明但也受到诸多非议和批判。回首百年现代管理的演进历史，工具理性在现代管理的核心工作以及管理实践中仍然具有无可取代的位置，工具理性深深地影响着管理的现代发展，也深化了现代管理思想内涵和管理模式并引导了西方现代管理的发展方向。但随着管理实践问题的反思，工具理性思维下的“人性假设”、工具理性主导下的“效率主义”、官僚制组织对人的异化以及工具理性高扬下的价值理性衰落已成为凸显问题。只有在现代管理中深度融入“3p”人本管理理念，强化管理伦理建设，建立有效的管理价值评价体系，才能实现工具理性与价值理性在管理中的融合与统一，找到工具理性更好的发展之路。