当代中国死刑民意的理性引导

摘要

Public opinion of the death penalty can be guided.Guiding public opinion is to eliminate the wrong ingredients in it,that is to guide public opinion of the death penalty to get rid of emotional reaction to the rational direction of change.Rational guiding of public opinion of the death penalty in contemporary China is divided into three areas:the guiding of public opinion of the death penalty in aspects of criminal legislation,the guiding of public opinion of the death penalty in aspects of criminal j ustice,and the guiding of public opinion of the death penalty in other aspects.The first is the guiding of the criminal legislation of death penalty.Its main measures include the construction of the alterna-tive measures to death penalty and the construction of relief system for criminal victim.The second is the guiding of the criminal j ustice of the death penalty.Its main measures include constructing public participation mechanism of the death penalty case trial,constructing death penalty cases information disclosure mechanism,constructing the feedback mechanism of the death penalty cases,the appropri-ate time to suspend the execution of death penalty.The third is the guiding of the addition of criminal legislation and criminal j ustice of death penalty.Its main measures include building a good social envi-ronment,enlightenment and providing of knowledge of death penalty,death penalty cases and mis-j udged case as the breakthrough point,constructing civil death penalty reform pushing mechanism.%死刑民意是可以引导的。引导死刑民意就是要剔除死刑民意中的非正确成分，就是要引导死刑民意摆脱情绪化的反应向理性化的方向转变。当代中国死刑民意的理性引导分为三大方面。一是刑事立法方面的死刑民意引导，主要措施有构建死刑替代措施和构建刑事被害人救助制度。二是刑事司法方面的死刑民意引导，主要措施有构建民意参与死刑案件审判的机制、构建死刑案件的信息公开机制、构建死刑案件的交流反馈机制、适当的时候暂停死刑执行。三是刑事立法与刑事司法之外的死刑民意引导，主要措施有构建良好的社会治安环境、思想启蒙与死刑知识的提供、以死刑个案与错案为突破口、构建民间的死刑改革推动机构。