论我国刑事诉讼中“非法证据”的界定标准

摘要

在刑事非法证据排除规则的具体运用中，“非法证据”的界定是当然前提。非法证据并非是任一证据合法性要件欠缺的广义非法证据，而专指取证主体通过严重非法的手段或者侵犯公民基本权利的方式所获取的证据材料。我国刑事非法证据包括非法言词证据和非法实物证据两类，两类非法证据在实际判断中虽存在差异，但都应围绕取证手段的非法性展开，分别考察取证手段是否违反法律规定以及违法的严重程度，以准确界定刑事非法证据的范围。%In the real application of the exclusive rule of criminal illegal evidence,the definition of illegal evidence is certainly the precondition.The illegal evidence is not the generalized illegal evidence which lacks of any legal elements of evidence,but the evidence obtained through serious illegal methods or by the way of in-fringement of citizens’basic rights.In China,the criminal illegal evidence includes two types of the illegal ver-bal evidence and the illegal object evidence.Although there are some differences in the actual judgment,the definition of both types of illegal evidence should be around the illegally obtained methods for evidences.Estima-ting whether the obtained methods violate the provisions of law and the order of severity of violation respectively contributes to defining the scope of the criminal illegal evidences accurately.