质量控制小组在降低住院病人静脉血标本不合格率中的应用

摘要

目的:探讨质量控制(quality control,QC)小组在降低住院病人静脉血标本不合格率中的应用效果.方法:2015年8月～ 2016年2月贵阳市妇幼保健院护理部和检验科以降低住院病人静脉血标本不合格率为主题,开展为期7个月的QC小组活动,运用关联图分析血标本不合格的原因,制定相应的对策并实施.结果:活动后妇产科住院病人静脉血标本不合格率由1.02％降至0.49％,儿科住院病人静脉血标本不合格率由4.06％降至1.87％,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:通过QC小组活动,不仅降低贵阳市妇幼保健院住院病人静脉血标本不合格率,而且提高QC小组成员参与质量管理与分析,解决问题的能力.同时,进一步规范静脉血标本采集流程,制作静脉采血的操作视频和临床采血手册,提高血标本的质量.%Objective:To study the effect of applying quality control team in reducing unqualified rate of impatients' venous blood specimens.Methods:From August 2015 to February 2016,on the subject of reducing unqualified rate of inpatients' venous blood sample,the nursing department and the clinical laboratory of Guiyang maternal and child health care launched a campaign of QC team for seven months to analyze the reasons of causing unqualified blood specimens by correlation graphs,and formulate corresponding countermeasures and implement.Results:After the campaign,the unqualified rage of inpatients' blood specimens of the obstetrics and gynecology department lowered from 1.02％ to 0.49％,and that of the pediatric department dropped from 4.06％ to 1.87％.The difference is statistically significant(P ＜0.01).Conclusions:By QC team campaign,not only the unqualified rate of impatients' venous blood specimens was reduced in Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,but the QC team's abilities of participating in the management and that of analyzing and solving problems were improved.At the same time,venous blood specimen collection process was further standardized.Operation video of venous blood specimen collection and handbook of clinical blood collection were made to improve the quality of blood specimen.