摹状词理论探析

摘要

Bertrand Russel distinguishes the concepts of proper name and reference and proposes the theory of description, which is based on the foundation of other philosophers' research. His theory of description can solve the problems, which are the failure of the same substitute rules and law of excluded middle, and the existence of fal acy in ordinary language, and this initiates the deeper research. Peter Strawson criticizes Russel 's theory from the point of usage of sentences, and Saul Kripke from the formation of proper name, which promotes the further development of linguistic philosophy.%　　罗素在前人对摹状词和专名这两个概念研究的基础之上，区分了专名与摹状词，提出了自己的摹状词理论。罗素的摹状词理论可以解决日常语言中存在的同一替换规则失效、排中律失效和存在悖论这三方面困难，引发了后来学者的更深入研究。斯特劳森从句子使用的角度、克里普克从专名形成的角度等，分别对罗素的理论进行了批评，推动了语言哲学的进一步发展。