基于GIS和信息量模型的京张高铁滑坡易发性评价

摘要

New Jing-Zhang high-speed railway is not only an important supporting transportation infrastructure for the 2022 winter Olympics in Beijing,but also an important part of the eastern section of the "eight vertical and eight horizontal" Jinglan corridor that the state plans to implement.Based on the investigation of the landslide disaster along the Jing-Zhang high-speed railway,a statistical analysis on the correlation factors affecting the development of geological disasters are made in this article.A total of 10 variables are analyzed as input variables,namely topography (height,slope and aspect),vegetation coverage ratio,engineering rock group,fault,river,rainfall,earthquake and human activity of the study area.The results of landslide susceptibility assessment based on GIS and information value model of New Jing-Zhang High-speed Rail will be divided into 5 grades:extremely high susceptible,high susceptible,moderate susceptible,low susceptible and extremely low susceptible.The results of the model preferably inosculate with the field surveying,and the results of this article can provide a valid basis for the railway construction in the future.%新建京张铁路不仅是2022年北京冬奥会的配套交通保障设施,同时也是京包兰交通廊道的重要组成部分.在京张高铁沿线滑坡灾害调查的基础上,对影响滑坡灾害发育的相关因子进行统计分析,选取斜坡坡高、坡度、坡向、归一化植被指数、工程地质岩组、活动断裂、河流、年平均降雨量、地震和人类工程活动等10个要素作为评价模型计算的基本变量和数值化参数,采用基于GIS的信息量模型法对在建京张高铁沿线及邻区进行了滑坡灾害易发性评价,并将评价结果划分为5个等级:极低易发区、低易发区、中易发区、高易发区和极高易发区.结合野外调查成果,对评价结果的可信度进行了检验分析,评价结果与实际灾害发生情况基本吻合,研究结果可为京张高铁建设、减灾防灾提供基础依据.