半干旱雨养条件下不同锌肥对马铃薯‘新大坪’干物质积累和产量的影响

摘要

Effects of Zinc fertilizer application and two kinds of Zinc fertilizer on dry matter accumula-tion and yield of potato ‘cv.Xindaping’were studied under the field conditions.Results show that both of the inorganic forms of zinc fertilizer (zinc sulfate,T2 )and organic chelate zinc in smaller molecule (Manni-Plex Zinc,T3 )accelerated the accumulation of day matter(DM)in root,stem,leaves and tuber significantly,the differences between the three treatments were observed 20~35 days after emergence,which shown the zinc fertilizers used as tuber seed treatment promoted the tuber spouting and seedling growing.The spaying fertilization of zinc fertilizer for three times during the plant growth significantly improved the dry matter accumulation in all organs,especially in leaves and roots,compared with CK (no zinc allpication,T1 ),the DM in leaves of T2 and T3 increased by 76.3% and 195.9%,52.5% and 82.9% in roots respectively.Be-fore the period of DM balance,the DM accumulation in leaves and stems of T2 and T3 were greater than that of T1 ,and after that period,the differences of T2 and T3 ,formed by the DM of leave-stem and tuber DM in yield formation curve,were also significant greater than T1 ,which was a very important symbol for higher yield,the effects of T3 on tuber yield and commodity rate were much better that T2 ,anni-Plex Zinc increase rate of greater than zinc sulfate.%为了探明施锌及不同锌肥在半干旱雨养条件下对马铃薯的生物效应及其对马铃薯产量形成的影响,在大田条件下研究了施用锌肥(种薯处理+叶面喷施)和2种不同锌肥(无机锌肥(硫酸锌)和小分子螯合物有机锌(糖醇锌))对马铃薯‘新大坪’干物质累积和产量的影响.结果表明：硫酸锌(T2)和糖醇锌(T3)处理的马铃薯根、茎、叶干物质累积量在出苗后20~35 d开始高于对照(T1).在生育期中进行的3次锌肥喷施显著提高了马铃薯各器官的干物质积累量,尤以叶片和根系干物质积累量的增幅最大,在出苗后85 d,T2和T3处理的叶片干物质积累量比T1增加了76.3%和195.9%,根系增加了52.5%和82.9%,T3处理的效果显著优于 T2处理.T2和 T3处理的马铃薯茎叶干物质积累量在干质量平衡期前明显大于T1处理,干质量平衡期后,T2和T3处理中由茎叶干质量和块茎干质量形成的剪刀差显著大于T1处理,T3处理大于T2处理,剪刀差的大小是判断块茎产量高低的重要标志,施用糖醇锌的增产幅度大于硫酸锌.