儿童母语习得与成人二语习得差异研究述评

摘要

This article discusses the differences between children's L1 acquisition and adults'L2 acquisition based on a qualita-tive analysis.Through systematic review of the related literature in the theories of children's L1 and adults'L2 acquisition and analysis of the factors both influencing children's L1 and adults'L2 acquisition, as well as personal understanding of the features both on chil-dren's L1 acquisition and adults'L2 acquisition and corresponding effects from teaching practice , the findings show that children's L1 acquisition and adults'L2 acquisition are distinguished from each other in many aspects such as in acquisition age , device, mode, en-vironment and motivation .It arrives at a general conclusion that , children's L1 acquisition is effortless while adults'L2 acquisition is painstaking .Therefore , enough attention should be attached to the different points , the causes as well as corresponding effects of chil-dren's L1 acquisition and adults'L2 acquisition with the aim of making L 2 teaching more effective .%在定性分析的基础上，讨论了儿童母语习得与成人二语习得之间的差异。通过对相关理论文献的系统性回顾，对影响儿童母语习得和成人二语习得因素的分析，对儿童母语习得与成人二语习得的个人理解及相应的教学实践效果发现，儿童的母语习得与成人二语习得在很多方面（如习得年龄、手段、模式、环境和动力）都有区别。由此得出结论：儿童的母语习得是毫不费力的，而成人的二语习得是非常艰难的。因此，儿童母语习得与成人二语习得不同的特点，产生的原因以及相关的效果都应受到足够的重视。