新型人工曲面机械双叶瓣体外脉动流实验

摘要

自体心脏瓣膜为无神经元控制，在多物理场因素引导下，血液流动场、瓣膜和腱索之间相互作用运动，保持血流单向流动。经临床研究表明，患者植入瓣膜后的瓣膜并发症及患者生存率，与瓣膜结构、血流流场密切相关，对此评价瓣膜的血流动力学性能对改进瓣膜结构具有重要作用。自制新型曲面双叶型机械瓣膜，通过理论解析和瞬态流固耦合模拟分析讨论瓣膜最大开启时瓣膜的血流动力学性能；并在体外动态仿真环境下，对曲面型双叶瓣膜进行血流动力学测试，采用Vivitest脉动流实验平台测量，通过测试瓣膜压力、开口面积、返流量等物理量来衡量瓣膜在主动脉位置的使用性能。最后研究同 St.Jude 双叶瓣和国内 GK瓣等同类机械瓣的动力学性能作对照，根据评价结果前瞻性地研究双叶曲面机械瓣结构性能。结果表明，研制的新型曲面瓣膜具有优良的血流动力学特性。%Heart valves which could provide unidirectional function of the blood are autologous valves without nerve control.Under the multi physics factors,the basic movements of the heat valves are directed by blood flow fields and the interaction of valve and tendons.In the clinical study,the patients'survival rate and the inci-dence of valvular complications all closely depend on the blood flow fields of the heart valve,thus the evaluation of the hemodynamics of the heart valves was critical important.In this paper,thought the theoretical analysis and transient fluid-structure interaction simulation hemodynamic performance of the valve;then tested the self-design curved bileaflet mechanical heart valves under the simulation of dynamic human body environment to measure the hemodynamic of the curved bileaflet heart valve.The utility of pulsating flow experiment makes the evaluation of the performance of artificial mechanical heart valve more effective.The valves'functions,such as valve pressure,opening area and regurgitation volume are all considered and studied under the Vivitest dy-namic simulation condition in vitro.Moreover,the clinical hemodynamic of curved bileaflet mechanical aortic valves were proactively investigated,and the dynamic properties were also studied comparing with St.Jude bileaflet valve and GK domestic valve.The results show that the developed new curved heart valve was of excel-lent hemodynamic.