“周公无杀兄”辨--兼论郝敬的经世思想

摘要

The problem of"Zhougong killed his brother"sparked heated debate,which focuses on the contradiction about the public righteousness of emperor and courtiers and the individual kindness of brothers.The scholars of past ages have the following ideas:preserving the public righteousness of emperor and courtiers;mistreating the individual kindness of brothers;reconciling the two ideas;focus on other ideas.Haojing,the Jingshan scholars in Ming dynasty followed this and believed that"Zhougong didn't kill his brother",while he made an annotation on the chapter of"The king said I am ashamed of Mencius"of"Mencius"by steering clear of contradiction skillfully.It's the argument about this question which was never state before.With this new argument,Haojing created a sage character.By this way,we can also see that Haojing constructed his"Saint Ideal"through noting the classics.As well as his practical thoughts about the construction of national culture and social harmony.Who made the Classics full of vigor and vitality.%“周公杀兄”问题围绕“君臣大义与兄弟私恩的矛盾”引发热议，历代学者及此有以下几种观念：全君臣大义；负兄弟私恩；调和君臣大义与兄弟私恩；两者皆不涉而言他。明代京山学者郝敬继此而起，在注解《孟子》“王曰吾甚惭于孟子章”时，巧妙回避了此观念之冲突，认为“周公无杀兄之事”，此论发前人所未发。郝敬此辨意在塑造其心目中的圣人形象，凭借注经建构其“圣人理想”，寄托晚明儒者关于民族文化建设与社会敦化的经世思想。