The pyrolysis experiments of oil shale from Liushuhe were performed by using an autoclave with saturated or unsaturated water. The formation mechanism of pyrolysate including retorting gas, oil and bitumen was discussed. It is found that the free radical and carbocation reactions occur simultanously during oil shale pyrolysis. The physical and chemical properties of water at high pressure and temperature are very different from those at normal temperature and pressure, which can promote the carbocation reaction of oil shale as the acid and alkali catalyst. At the same time, the free radical reaction also occurs because of the diversity in chemical bonds of oil shale.%利用高压釜反应装置,对柳树河油页岩进行了饱和水和不饱和水介质条件下的热压模拟实验,研究了两种条件下油页岩热解产物(气体、油和热沥青)的生成机理.实验结果表明,在油页岩的热解过程中,同时经历自由基反应和碳正离子反应.水在高温的物化性质较在常温常压时发生了巨大的变化,具有酸催化剂和碱催化剂的作用,促使按碳正离子机理进行反应；另一方面,由于油页岩结构中键的类型很多,一部分也按自由基反应进行降解.
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