基于量子点的食源性致病菌快速检测方法研究进展

摘要

ABSTRACT:The establishment of rapid, sensitive and efficient detection methods is beneficial for prevention and control of foodborne pathogens contamination, and is significant for food safety. Quantum dots (QDs) are novel fluorescent nanocrystals with unique optical properties such as high levels of brightness, sustained fluorescence, large effective Stokes shifts, broad excitation spectra and narrow emission spectra. These advantages make them ideal biological probes. QDs based rapid detection methods of foodborne pathogens include: QDs immunoassay, magnetic nanobead based immunoseparation-QDs based multiplex immunoassay, aptamer-magnetic bead-QDs sandwich assay, fluorescent QDs based antibody array, QDs immune chromatography test strip, QDs multi-index fluorescence biosensor and QDs based flow cytometry. With the continuous improvement of QDs synthesis process and the combination with immunoassay, aptamer analysis, biological sensing and other detection methods, more rapid, sensitive and efficient solutions would be provided, and would have wider prospect in the field of foodborne pathogens detection.%建立快速、灵敏、高效的检测方法有利于预防和控制食源性致病菌污染，对食品安全具有重要意义。量子点是新颖的荧光纳米晶体，具有独特的光学特性，如量子产率高、光稳定性好、斯托克斯位移大、激发光谱宽、发射光谱窄等，这些优点使其成为理想的生物探针。基于量子点的食源性致病菌快速检测方法包括：量子点免疫标记、免疫磁珠分离-量子点多重荧光免疫分析、适配体-磁珠和量子点夹心分析、基于荧光量子点的“三明治”模式抗体阵列、量子点免疫层析试纸条、量子点生物传感、量子点标记流式细胞术等。随着量子点合成工艺的不断改进以及量子点与免疫分析、适配体分析、生物传感等检测方法的结合，将会为人们提供更多快速、灵敏、高效的检测方法，在食源性致病菌检测领域将会有更广阔的应用前景。