油水乳化液中分散相液滴的力学行为初探——剪切流对油水乳状液分散相液滴集聚的影响

摘要

Oil-water separation is the main subject in many oil fields in the world. The mechanical behaviors and features of discrete phase droplet in oil-water emulsion are close related to separator efficiency. In this paper through the shear flow induced by rotation of two concentric barrels, the effect of shear stress on separation of oil-water emulsions was investigated experimentally. Some regulations of discrete droplet movement and agglomeration were discovered. Meanwhile, a criterion to estimate the effect of a shear flow on separation efficiency of emulsions by the distortions of droplet applied by the shear stress was proposed.This project provides not only a guide to the subsequent research on the mechanical behaviors and features of separated phase droplet in oil-water emulsion,but also a new way to develop oil-water separation facilities of high-efficiency.%油水分离机械中油水乳状液分散相液滴的力学行为直接影响到分离机械的分离效率。笔者通过在旋转剪切场中油水乳化液稳定特性的实验研究，对剪切对油水分离效率影响进行了初步探索。实验发现不同剪切强度对乳化液分离效率会产生正面或负面的影响。通过分散相液滴界面膜的受力及其在剪力作用下的变形分析，初步解释了剪切场和交变剪切场中乳化液分散相液滴的运动聚集规律，提出可以由其分散相液滴变形的长短径比的特定取值来判断相应的剪切强度对其沉降分离特性的影响。