奶牛新病毒——施马伦贝格病毒

摘要

本文从病原、流行病学、诊断和预防控制等方面简要介绍了2011年底发生在德国奶牛的一种新病毒病——施马伦贝格病毒,主要感染猪、牛、羊和野牛,该病毒主要由昆虫如蚊蠓等小虫传播,也可通过胎盘垂直传播。截至2012年5月,已经有8个国家相继报道该病的发生。许多国家纷纷采取禁止从受该病毒感染国家进口活动物及其产品的措施防止该病的传入。目前该病毒还没有特异治疗措施和疫苗预防方案。%In the article,a new virus disease caused by Schmallenberg virus,detected in German dairy at the end of 2011,was briefly introduced including its pathogen,epidemiology,diagnosis technology,prevention and control.The virus mainly infects pigs,cattle,sheep and bison and mainly transmitted via insects vectors（biting midges and/or mosquitoes）,and vertical transmission across placenta.As of May 2012,8 countries reported the cases of the disease.Many countries have adopted some measures for prohibiting imports of live animals and animal products from the country with infected animal to prevent the disease spread.At present,the virus has no specific therapeutic interventions and vaccine prevention.