A field experiment was carried out, using a compound of coal gangue, fly ash and sludge as substrate for planting ryegrass. Soil enzyme activity and microbial functional diversity at different stages of reclamation were analyzed, so as to explore feasibility of fertilizer-free soil reclamation in mining area. Results show that soil enzyme activity and microbial functional diversity increased after the reclamation. Total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium decreased by 72. 05% , 67. 86% and 60. 19% , respectively, and activities of saccharase, dehydrogenase, urease and alkaline phos-phatase increased by 130% - 756% after 23 months of reclamation. Results of the Biolog Eco plate indicated that 16 months and 23 months after reclamation, average well colour development (AWCD) of microbial population, Shonnon diversity , Simpson index and Mclntosh index were all significantly higher than those before reclamation ( P < 0. 05). The indices were positively related to soil enzyme activity and soil organic matter (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01), and negatively to total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium (P < 0. 05 or P < 0.01). Sludge could be added as an organic a-mendment in soil reclamation in the mining area, which contributes to the improvement of plant growth and microbial activity.%在由煤矸石、粉煤灰和污泥构成的矿区复合基质上种植黑麦草进行矿区复垦试验,分析了不同复垦阶段土壤微生物功能多样性和酶活性的差异,以揭示矿区复垦过程中免施肥的可行性.结果表明,矿区复垦土壤微生物功能多样性和酶活性随复垦时间的延长而显著提高.复垦23个月后,矿区复垦土壤的全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别比复垦种植前降低72.05％、67.86％和60.19％,蔗糖酶、脱氢酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性增加1.30～7.56倍.Biolog微平板培养测试结果显示,矿区复垦16和23个月的土壤微生物群落AWCD( average well colour development)值,微生物Shannon多样性指数、Simpson指数、Mclntosh指数均显著高于复垦种植前(P＜0.05).微生物多样性相关参数与土壤酶活性及土壤有机质含量之间呈显著正相关(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),与土壤全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量之间呈显著负相关(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).在矿区复垦过程中污泥作为有机添加物有助于促进植物生长和提高微生物活性.
展开▼
