Air traffic system is a complex dynamic system, in which temporal and spatial variation of aircraft in route network may affect the network dynamics. In order to alleviate the current situation of China's air traffic delays, we need to analyze the fluctuation behavior of the airroute network. Taking the south central China waypoint as the node, air route segment as the edge, this paper creates a route network model to analyze the fluctuation and dynamic characteristics of route network node flow. It showed that the mean and standard deviation of time for node flow met power law and its power index was between 0.5-1, and the dynamic characteristics differed in various time and spatial scale, which means the fluctuation was caused by both internal and external factors. Then, it separated the internal factors affecting variable behavior of route network flow from external factors to determine the source of fluctuation quantitatively. It provides theoretical foundation and methodological support for scientific analysis of operating state of route network and effective formulation of management policy of flow.%空中交通系统是一个动态的复杂系统,各种因素导致的网络流量变化引起网络结构的改变,进而影响网络功能并造成延误与拥堵.为缓解我国空中交通延误较大的现状,需要深入分析航路网络流量的波动行为.以我国中南地区实际网络数据构建航路网络模型,分析节点流量的波动特性和动态特征.研究表明,该航路网络节点流量对时间的均值和标准差满足幂率且幂指数在1/2到1之间,并且在不同的时间和空间尺度下动态特性各异,意味着其波动性是内外影响因素共同作用的结果.并且将影响航路网络流量波动行为的内部影响因素从外部影响因素中分离出来,定量确定波动性的来源.最后,给出内外影响因素主导地位在观测尺度上的转换点.
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