居住条件对城市老年人健康的影响

摘要

健康老龄化是缓解人口老龄化压力的一条有效途径.文章以Grossman模型为理论基础,采用CHARLS数据,运用2SLS方法实证分析居住条件对城市老年人健康的影响.结果表明,良好的居住条件显著影响老年人身体健康,在控制个体特征、健康行为、医疗服务、社区环境、初始健康资本存量、地区虚拟变量后影响依旧显著,而且在利用工具变量解决模型存在的内生性问题后,影响依然稳健;并且进一步的研究表明,居住条件对高龄老人健康的影响效应更大.在此基础上,为老年人提供安全饮用水、改善供暖设施、改善室内厕所条件、改善卫生条件等服务,对于保障老年人健康幸福的晚年生活具有重要的正面意义,对实现健康老龄化具有重要作用.%Healthy aging is an effective way to manage the pressure of an aging population.This paper studies the impact of housing conditions on elderly urban citizens' health on the basis of Grossman model,China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study database and 2SLS.The results show that good housing conditions are conducive to elderly citizens' health.With individual characteristics,health behavior,medical services, community environment,initial health capital stock,and regional virtual variables under control,the impact is still significant.And the results remain robust after the endogenous problem is fixed by IV.The results also indicate that housing conditions have a greater impact on citizens over 75 years old.In this context,providing safe drinking water for the elderly,improving heating facilities,indoor toilet conditions and sanitary conditions are positively significant for the elderly to live a healthy and happy life,w hich is effective for the society to a-chieve healthy aging.