Components of ginsenoside in rhizome,taproot,fibrous roots of two different wild ginseng were investigated.The content of total ginsenosides was determined by n-butanol extraction method.The contents of total ginsenosides in rhizome,taproot,fibrous roots were 7.68％,3.47％ and 6.48％respectively in 15-year-old Hengren wild ginseng,of which were 6.67％,2.88％ and 4.93％respectively in 25-year-old Fusong wild ginseng.The content of total ginsenosides in rhizome was twice higher than that in taproot.The results of TLC and HPLC showed that the contents of Rb1,Rg1,Re were higher in rhizome and taproot,accounting for 54％ and 52％ of total ginsenosides,respectively;while the contents of Rb1,Rc,Rg1 and Re were higher in fibrous root,accounting for 52％ of total ginsenosides in 25-year-old Fusong wild ginseng.The contents of Rb1,Rg1 and Re were higher in rhizome,accounting for 48％ of total ginsenosides;while the contents of Re,Rb1,and Rc were higher in taproot and fibrous root,accounting for 40％ and 45％ of total ginsenosides in 15-year-old Hengren wild ginseng.Eight types of highly-active minor ginsenosides were detected in two types of wild ginsengs,including 20(S)-Rg2,20(S)-Rh1,20(R)-Rh1,20(R)-Rg3,20(S)-Rh2,20(R)-Rh2,Rk2 and Rh3.The content of minor ginsenosides in taproot increases with the growth time,but decreases with grow th time in rhizome and fibrous roots.%对两种林下参的芦头、主根、须根等各部位皂苷组成与分布进行研究.利用正丁醇萃取法提取总皂苷,桓仁产的15年林下参的芦头、主根、须根的总皂苷质量分数分别为7.68％、3.47％、6.48％;抚松产的25年林下参的芦头、主根、须根的总皂苷质量分数分别为6.67％、2.88％、4.93％;两种林下参芦头中总皂苷质量分数是主根总皂苷质量分数的2倍.经TLC和HPLC检测,25年林下参芦头与主根中Rb1、Rg1、Re质量分数较高,分别占总皂苷的54％、52％,须根中Rb1、Rc、Rg1、Re质量分数较高,占总皂苷的52％;15年林下参芦头中Rb1、Rg1、Re质量分数较高,占总皂苷的48％,主根和须根中Re、Rb1、Rc质量分数较高,分别占总皂苷的40％、45％.从两种林下参中检测到8种高活性稀有皂苷20(S)-Rg2、20(S)-Rh1、20(R)-Rh1、20(R)-Rg3、20(S)-Rh2、20(R)-Rh2、Rk2、Rh3.林下参各部位中人参主要皂苷及主根中稀有皂苷的质量分数,随生长年限增加而增加,但芦头和须根中稀有皂苷含量,随生长年限增加而减少.
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