獐子岛海洋牧场人工鱼礁区鱼类资源养护效果的初步研究

摘要

The fishery resources were investigated and evaluated in artificial reefs in deep-water marine ranching area for three years by hand line fishing and cage net survey. The results showed that 6 fish species were captured, including the economically important species fat greenling Hexagrammos otakii, Schlegel's rockfish Sebastes schlege-li, with the maximal CPUE of 97. 8 g/(human·hook·h)in fat greenling and the maximal CPUE of 281. 8 g/(hu-man·hook·h) in Schlegel's rockfish by hand-line fishing, and with the maximal CPUE of 2039. 2 g/(cage·h) in fat greenling and the maximal CPUE of 163. 4 g/(cage·h) in Schlegel's rockfish by a trap net. The fat green-ling in spring had body weight gain 0 . 12 times higher in 2012 than in 2011 and the Schlegel's rockfish in spring showed body weight gain 0. 23 times higher in 2012 than in 2011,indicating that the resources were significantly in-creased. There was higher catch by hand line fishing than by a trap which was more suitable for operation in artifi-cial reef area, particularly in spring. The fish in the artificial reefs grew constantly by the analysis of Von-Bertalan-ffy growth equation, and there were significant differences in condition factors in fat greenling, Schlegel's rockfish, and Fang's blenny Enedrias fangi Wang et Wang. In 2013, the fat greenling captured in the artificial reefs by a trap had average body weight as 9. 36 times as the fish captured in the reefs-free area, indicating that the artificial reefs play an effective role in conservation, and proliferation of fish resources.%采用手线钓和定置网法连续3年对獐子岛海洋牧场深水鱼礁区投礁后的鱼类资源状况进行了调查评估。调查结果表明：共捕获鱼类6种,主要经济鱼种为大泷六线鱼Hexagrammos otakii、许氏平鮋Sebastes schlegeli,采用手线钓法捕获两种鱼的单位捕捞努力量渔获量( CPUE )最大值分别为97.8、281.8 g/(人·钩·h),采用定置网法捕获两种鱼的CPUE最大值分别为2039.2、163.4 g/(笼·h)。对调查获得的鱼类进行分析,结果表明：2012年春季主要岩礁型鱼类尾均体质量与2011年相比,大泷六线鱼增长0.12倍,许氏平鮋增长0.23倍,资源量增加显著；手线钓渔获的尾均体长、体质量高于定置网,在鱼礁区手线钓作业的适宜季节为春季；鱼礁区主要鱼类为等速生长,许氏平鮋、大泷六线鱼、方氏云鳚Enedrias fangi Wang et Wang等种间丰满度有明显差异；2013年采用定置网捕获鱼礁区大泷六线鱼的尾均体质量为非鱼礁区的9.36倍,鱼类资源养护效果显著。调查结果显示,人工鱼礁区鱼类资源已得到有效养护,与投礁前相比增殖效果明显。