为研究多棘海盘车 Asterias amurensis柠檬酸脱毒的最佳工艺条件,采用正交试验法进行了有关试验研究。结果表明：单因素试验中,增大柠檬酸浓度、提高脱毒温度、延长脱毒时间均可提高多棘海盘车的皂苷脱除率,但也会造成多棘海盘车蛋白质保留率显著降低(P<0.05),增大料液比会降低多棘海盘车蛋白质保留率,当料液比为1∶10左右时,多棘海盘车的皂苷脱除率最大；在单因素试验的基础上,利用正交试验法对多棘海盘车脱毒工艺进行了优化,多棘海盘车脱毒试验中4个因素对综合评分的影响程度依次为脱毒温度>脱毒时间>料液比>柠檬酸浓度。研究表明,当柠檬酸浓度为0.10 mol/L,脱毒温度为50℃,料液比为1∶8,脱毒时间为3 h时,多棘海盘车具有较好的脱毒效果和蛋白质保留率,其皂苷脱除率和蛋白质保留率分别为70.96%和91.29%,综合评分为1.982。%The optimum conditions of detoxification technology were investigated carried out in starfish Asterias amurensis by an orthogonal test. Single factor tests showed that saponin desorption rates were improved and protein retention rates were decreased under high citric acid concentration, high temperature and long detoxification period. Protein retention rates was reduced by increasing ratio of material to liquid, with the maximal saponin desorption rate at ratio of material to liquid ratio =1∶10 . The detoxification conditions of starfish were optimized through the orthogonal test based on single factor tests, and the significance order of the factors affecting the detoxification was expressed as detoxification period > temperature> ratio of material to liquid >citric acid concentration. The better detoxification was observed under conditions of citric acid concentration of 0. 10 mol/L, temperature of 50℃, ratio of material to liquid = 1∶8, and 3 h detoxification period, with saponin desorption rate of 70. 96%, protein reten-tion rate of 91 . 29% and comprehensive score of 1 . 982 .
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