口虾蛄染色体核型分析及DNA含量

摘要

为了解口虾蛄Oratosquilla oratoria核型组成及DNA含量,以野生口虾蛄为材料,采用秋水仙素内注射法,取其肝胰腺组织经低渗和固定后,获得染色体标本,并对其染色体核型进行了分析,以鸡血细胞DNA为标准,采用流式细胞仪测定口虾蛄不同组织的DNA含量。结果表明：口虾蛄二倍体染色体数目为88,即2n=88,核型组成公式为2n=62m+12sm+14t,染色体总臂数( NF)为162；口虾蛄不同组织的DNA含量有显著性差异(P<0.05),各组织DNA含量从大到小依次为肌肉>精巢>卵巢>肝胰腺>血液,肌肉组织含量最高,为10.43 pg/2c,血液含量最低,为8.70 pg/2c,各组织DNA含量平均为9.61 pg/2c；以1 pg=978 Mbp计算,首次成功估算了口虾蛄基因组大小约为9398.58 Mbp。本研究结果可为口虾蛄种质资源保护及未来人工养殖研究提供基础资料。%The karyotypic pattern was analyzed using colchicine injection method and DNA contents in different tis-sues were determined using DNA of the chicken blood cell as standard in mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria by a flow cytometer to understand the karyotype, DNA content and genetics content. It was found that there were 88 chromosomes in diploid with 2n=88 in hepatopancreas specimen,with the karyotype formula of 2n=62m+12sm+14t, and total chromosome arm number (NF) of 162. The DNA content was significantly different in different tis-sues (P<0. 05), with the order as: muscle>testicle>ovary>hepatopancreas>blood, the maximal value (10. 43 pg/2c) in muscle and the minimal (8. 70 pg/2c) in blood, with an average of 9. 61 pg/2c. Moreover, the average value of the mantis shrimp genome size was estimated to be 9398. 58 Mbp as 1 pg=978 Mbp. The findings make a first step towards broodstock conservation and complete aquaculture of the mantis shrimp in the future.