目的 了解本地区3～14年儿童青少年的乙肝疫苗接种率和乙肝病毒携带状况.方法 采用单纯随机抽样方法抽取本地区3～14岁人群8 454人,进行乙肝疫苗接种率的调查及乙肝标志物的检测.结果 8 454名儿童青少年的乙肝疫苗平均接种率为96.92％,其中3～6、7～10、11～14岁三组的疫苗接种率分别为99.89％、98.15％、92.18％,随着年龄的增长接种率呈不断下降趋势；乙肝表面抗原携带率为1.24％,男性和女性的乙肝表面抗原携带率分别为1.69％和0.79％,差异具有统计学意义(x2=14.040,P＜0.05)；抗-HBs阳性率为66.53％,不同年龄组(3～6、7～10、11～14岁)的阳性率分别为77.53％、64.00％、57.99％,随着年龄的增长阳性率呈下降趋势.结论 随着国家将乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫措施的不断实施,保持了人群较高的接种率,免疫效果明显,是控制HBV感染最有效的措施.%Objective To investigate carrying rate and vaccinating effect of HBV in children of our region. Methods 8 454 people of 3 to 14 years old were distilled by random sampling method, detected five indicators to investigate carrying rate and vaccinating effect of HBV. Results Among total 8 454 cases the average vaccination rate was 96. 92%. For three groups of 3 to 6,7 to 10,11 to 14 years old,the vaccination rates were 99. 89%, 98.15%, 92. 18% respectively. And there was declining trend in vaccination rates with the increased age. The carrying rate of HBsAg was 1. 24%. And the HBsAg positive rates were 1. 69%, 0. 79% respectively in male and female. The difference was statistically significant between different gender (χ2 = 14. 040,P<0. 05). Anti-HBs positive rate was 66. 53% , the positive rates of each age group were 77. 53%, 64. 00%, 57. 99% among 3 to 6,7 to 10,11 to 14 years old, and the declining trend in vaccination rates increased with age. Conclusion Free hepatitis B vaccine immunization for children can maintain a high vaccination in the population, which is the most effective control measure for HBV infection.
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