广东籍献血人群HTLV感染状况调查

摘要

目的 了解东南沿海省份的无症状献血人群人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒(human T cell lymphotvopic virus,HTLV)的血清学流行状况.方法 从符合卫生部健康标准并经血液常规检测合格的标本中,依据籍贯选择性收集2 500份血样,采用双抗原夹心的酶免吸附(EIA)方法进行HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅰ抗体筛查.EIA初筛阳性结果经复检后,由蛋白印迹法(Western Blot,WB)进行确认试验.结果 初筛获得EIA反应性样本5例,HTLV抗体阳性率为0.20％(5/2 500),均为广东籍.经蛋白印迹试验,仅1例OD值为3.00的EIA强反应者获确认为HTLV-Ⅰ型病毒感染,2例未获确认,2例为确认阴性.经追溯,确认HTLV-Ⅰ阳性者为无症状定期献血者,已有6次合格献血经历.结论 尽管深圳献血人群HTLV流行率的总体水平较低,但多次献血的经历使经血传播HTLV的风险增大数倍.%Objective To understand the prevalence of Human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection among asymptomatic blood population whose birth places were in southeastern coast provinces. Methods Based on their native place, 2 500 blood samples were selectively collected from volunteer donors who were donated their blood and past through the conventional Laboratory tests according to the state standards of blood donation. The samples were then screened by a double antigen sandwich enzyme immunoassay (EIA) against anti-HTLV- Ⅰ / Ⅱ antibodies. After repeated again by EIA, all positive results were performed by Western Blot (WB) as a confirmatory test. Results The primary screening tests obtained five samples of EIA reaction and HTL antibody positive rate reached 0. 20% (5/2 500) . The record revealed that the five blood donors were all native Cantonese. By confirmatory test, only one donor with EIA strong positive (OD = 3. 00) was confirmed to be asymptomatic carrier of HTLV- Ⅰ ,two were indeterminate and another two were negative. The retrospective analysis revealed that this HTLV sero-positive donor had the eligible records as high as six blood donations in our blood center. Conclusion Shenzhen had a low level of HTLV prevalence in blood population. Even if few of blood donors were asymptomatic HTLV carrier, only one repeated donor might have be amplifying several times the potential risk of HTLV transmission through transfusion.