精神分裂症患者社会歧视感、病耻感情况及其与生存质量的相关性分析

摘要

[Objective]To explore the relationship between social discrimination,stigma and quality of life of outpatients and inpatients with schizophrenia.[Methods]The clinical data of 96 schizophrenic patients from April 2014 to February 2017 were selected and divided into outpatient group and inpatient group according to whether they were hospitalized with 48 cases in each group.The social discrimination,stigma and quality of life of patients with schizophrenia were evaluated and compared with the Discrimination against Psychiatric patients Assessment scale /Link's stigma scale and the schizophrenia quality of Life scale(SQLS).Spearman correlation analysis was used also to analyze the relationship between social discrimination,stigma and quality of life.[Results]The inci-dence of stigma and social discrimination in the inpatient group was 100.0%(48/48),95.83%(46/48)respectively, while in the outpatient group it was 81.25%(39/48),72.92%(35/48),respectively,the incidence of stigma and social discrimination in outpatient group was significantly lower than that in inpatient group,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Compared with the outpatient group,the scores and total scores of the inpa-tients'stigma scale,social discrimination scale and quality of life scale were significantly higher than those of the outpatient group,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).The stigma and social discrimination were positively correlated with the total scores of psycho-social,motivation and energy,quality of life(P <0.05),but not with symptoms and adverse drug reactions(P >0.05).[Conclusion]Schizophrenia patients generally have a sense of social discrimination and stigma,especially inpatients,and the higher the sense of social discrimination and stigma,the worse the quality of life.%[目的]探讨门诊和住院精神分裂症患者社会歧视感、病耻感情况及其与生存质量的相关性.[方法]选取2014年4月至2017年2月本院收治的96例精神分裂症患者的临床资料,根据是否住院将其分为门诊组和住院组,每组各48例.采用歧视精神疾病患者评估量表、Link病耻感系列量表以及精神分裂症患者生活质量量表(SQLS)分别对患者的社会歧视感、病耻感和生存质量进行评价和比较,并采用Spearman相关性分析法分别对社会歧视感、病耻感与生存质量的相关性进行分析.[结果]住院组患者病耻感和社会歧视感的发生率分别为100.0%(48/48)、95.83%(46/48),而门诊组为81.25%(39/48)、72.92%(35/48),门诊组患者病耻感、社会歧视感的发生率明显低于住院组(P <0.05),差异具有统计学意义.与门诊组相比,住院组患者病耻感量表、社会歧视量表以及生存质量量表各个维度评分和总分均明显增高(P <0.05),差异具有统计学意义.病耻感和社会歧视感分别与心理社会、动力和精力、生存质量总分呈正相关(P <0.05),而与症状和药物不良反应无相关性(P >0.05).[结论]精神分裂症患者普遍存在社会歧视感和病耻感,住院患者尤甚且社会歧视感、病耻感程度越高其生存质量越差.