精神分裂症患者与健康同胞及正常人群认知功能的比较

摘要

Objective:To study the cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia and their siblings. Method:Thirty five patients with schizophrenia,35 siblings of the patients,and 30 normal controls were en-rolled in the study. Attention,working memory and executive function were measured with the cancellation test ( CT),Wechsler memory scale( WMS)and Wisconsin card sorting test( WCST ),respectively. Results:Pa-tients and their siblings showed no significant difference on MQ(p﹥0. 05)but lower MQ than the normal con-trols(p﹤0. 05). Patients and their siblings did not demonstrated significant difference on selection(p﹥0. 05) but on direction and transference in cancellation test(p﹤0. 05);the significant differences were found on se-lection,direction and transference between patients and controls(p﹤0. 05). Patients and their siblings did not showed significant difference on perseverative times and errors(p﹥0. 05)but on numbers and categories a-chieved in WCST(p﹤0.05);there were significant differences on perseverative times,perseverative errors, numbers and categories achieved between patients and controls(p﹤0. 05). Conclusion:Patients with schiz-ophrenia and their unaffected siblings have attention,working memory and executive function impairment.%目的：探讨精神分裂症患者与健康同胞及正常对照人群认知功能的特点。方法：采用数字划消测验（ CT）、修订韦氏成人记忆量表（ WMS-RC）、威斯康星卡片分类测验（ WCST）对35例精神分裂症患者（患者组）、35例患者健康同胞（同胞组）及30例健康对照组（对照组）的认知功能进行测验。结果：患者组与同胞组记忆商数差异无统计学意义（p﹥0.05）；而与对照组记忆商数差异有统计学意义（p﹤0.05）。在划消测验上患者组和同胞组指向与转移因子间差异有统计学意义（p﹤0.05），而选择因子差异无统计学意义（ p﹥0.05）；患者组和对照组在指向、转移与选择3个因子差异均有统计学意义（p﹤0.05）。在WCST上患者组和同胞组持续时间数和持续错误数差异无统计学意义（p﹥0.05），而分类完成数和总测验次数差异有统计学意义（ p﹤0.01）；患者组与对照组比较，持续时间数、持续错误、分类完成数、总测验次数均差异有统计学意义（ p﹤0.01）。结论：精神分裂症患者及其健康同胞存在注意、记忆、执行功能方面的损害。