Objective To investigate the prevalenve of common inhaled allergens in asthmatic children in Hainan for exploring an effective management of allergen avoidance and providing a basis in the promotion of specific immunotherapy. Methods The skin prick test (SPT) with a panel of 13 allergen extracts was undertaken in 2 361 children with asthma, and 450 cases of them futher received specific IgE test against 10 allergens. Results The results of the SPT showed that 86％ of the patients were sensitized to at least one allergen extract, and consisting of 91.2％ for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p), 89.3％ for Dermatophogoides farinae (Der f) and 86.3％ for Blomia tropicalis (Blo t), respectively. The pereentage of strong SPT positive eases (＞ 3 class) against three kinds of mites was 65.7％ for Der p, 65.4％ for Der f and 58.2％ for Blo t, respectively. Furthermore, the SPT positive rates for animal dander in children with asthma were 22.4％ for dog dander, 14.4％ for cat dander, 28.7％ for German cockroach, and 21.9％ for America cockroach, respectively. However, the positive levels to these alergens were generally low. The positive rate of the specific IgE test in 450 children with asthma was 72.4％, and consisting of 66.2％ for Der p and 59.6％ for Der f. Conclusions There is a very high prevalence of the sensitization against Der p, Der f, and Blo t,and the sensitization against animal dander including dog, cat and cockroach is also found in a certain proportion in Hainan, that will be significant to avoid allergens and to promote the specific immunotherapy in asthmatic children in Hainan.%目的 了解海南地区儿童哮喘常见吸入性变应原,探讨有效实施变应原避免的措施,为成功开展特异性免疫治疗提供依据.方法 对2 361例哮喘儿童进行13种常见过敏原皮肤点刺试验,对其中450例患儿进行10种过敏原体外特异性IgE检测.结果 2 361例哮喘患儿皮肤点刺阳性率为86.0%,其中,屋尘螨及粉尘螨阳性率分别为91.2%及89.3%,热带螨为86.3%,且阳性级别高.对三种螨呈三级以上皮肤点刺阳性反应的患者分别占65.7%、65.4%和58.2%.动物皮毛中,狗毛阳性率为22.4%,猫毛14.4%;德国小蠊及美洲大蠊分别为28.7%及21.9%,但其阳性级别通常很低.450例体外过敏原检测阳性率为72.4%,其中仍以螨虫阳性率最高,屋尘螨66.2%,粉尘螨59.6%.结论 屋尘螨、粉尘螨和热带螨是海南地区最重要的过敏原,其阳性率和阳性级别均比国内其他地区高.狗毛、猫毛、蟑螂等过敏原在海南也占一定比例.
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