气管切开后不同湿化液对气道湿化的效果比较

摘要

ABSTRACT:Objective To compare effect of different wetting liquid after tracheotomy on airway humidification.Methods A total of 80 patients were randomly divided into the study group (n =40)and control group (n =40).The study group was treated with 0.45% sodium chloride solution to humidify airway while the patients in the control group were given airway hu-midification water for injection.Wet effect,sputum viscosity,respiratory mucosal bleeding,irri-tating cough and lung infections and other complications were observed.Results In the control group,better humidification effect was in 33 cases (82.5%),humidification deficiency was in 4 cases (10.0%),excessive wet was in 3 cases (7.5%).In the study group,better humidification effect was in 35 cases (87.5%),humidification deficiency was in 2 cases (5.0 %),excessive wet was in 3 cases (7.5%).The result revealed that the difference was not statistical significant (P >0.05).Ⅰ degree sputum viscosity in the control group accounted for 60.0%,Ⅱdegree accounted for 25.0%,Ⅲ degree accounted for 62.5% and 15.0%,25.00% and 12.50% in the study group respectively,which showed no statistical difference(P >0.05).Respiratory tract bleeding occurred in 13 cases in the control group and 3 cases in the study group,irritating cough in 13 cases in the control group and 3 cases in the study group,pulmonary infection in 16 cases and 6 cases in the study group ,the comparison result revealed that the difference was statistical significant (P <0.05).Conclusion 0.45% sodium chloride solution and injective water after tracheotomy for air-way humidification achieve good effect,but the complications of 0.45% sodium chloride solution is lower,so it is worthy of clinical application.%目的：比较气管切开后不同湿化液对气道湿化的效果。方法将80例气管切开患者随机分为2组，各40例，研究组患者给予0．45％的氯化钠溶液湿化气道，对照组患者给予注射用水湿化气道，观察记录湿化效果、痰液粘黏稠度、呼吸道黏膜出血、刺激性咳嗽和肺部感染等并发症发生情况。结果对照组湿化效果较好33例（82．5％），湿化不足4例（10．0％），湿化过度3例（7．5％），研究组较好35例（87．5％），不足2例（5．0％），过度3例（7．5％），2组比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）；对照组痰液黏稠度Ⅰ度占60．0％，Ⅱ度占25．0％，Ⅲ度占15．0％与研究组的62．5％，25．0％，12．50％相比较，差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）；对照组呼吸道黏膜出血13例，刺激性咳嗽13例，肺部感染16例，显著高于研究组的3例、3例、6例，比较差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。结论0．45％氯化钠溶液和注射用水用于气管切开后气道湿化，2者湿化效果良好，但0．45％氯化钠溶液的并发症发生率低，因此，0．45％氯化钠溶液是理想的湿化液，值得在临床上推广应用。