帝视内窥镜与 GlideScope 视频喉镜在困难气道双腔气管插管中的应用比较

摘要

目的：评估和比较帝视(DS)内窥镜和 GlideScope(GS)视频喉镜在困难气道患者双腔支气管导管(DLT)插管中的临床效果。方法选择使用改良普通喉镜行 DLT 插管2次失败后的择期胸科手术患者40例，随机分为两组，每组20例。患者在插管失败后改用 DS(DS 组)或 GS(GS 组)行 DLT 插管。记录插管失败的原因、视频喉镜插管情况、插管时间和左双腔管定位情况，以及术后患者口腔黏膜、牙齿以及气道损伤情况。结果 DLT 插管困难的原因有：声门高，会厌大，张口度小，上门牙突出、缺失或松动，反牙合，颈项强直。DS 组插管成功率明显高于 GS 组(P <0.05)；定位成功率及插管时间两组差异无统计学意义。GS 组术后牙齿脱落松动、口腔黏膜损伤发生率明显高于DS 组(P <0.05)。结论 DS 和 GS 均有助于困难气道患者的 DLT 插管和定位。但 DS 对于张口度小、上门牙缺失松动和畸形、严重下颌前突和颈项强直所致的困难气道更有优势。%Objective To evaluate and compare the clinical applications of Disposcope (DS)en-doscope and GlideScope (GS)video laryngoscope in double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT)intuba-tion of the patients with difficult airway.Methods Forty patients scheduled for elective thoracic sur-gery after failure to place the DLT with modified general laryngoscope 2 attempts were randomly dev-ided into 2 groups,20 cases in each group.Patients underwent DLT with DS (group DS)or GS (group GS)intubation after failure to intubation.The causes of the failure of intubation,the intuba-tion of the video laryngoscope,the time of intubation and the location of left double lumen tube were recorded.And the postoperative injury of oral mucosa,teeth and respiratory tract were observed. Results The causes of the difficulty for DLT intubation included:long,high arched palate,large epi-glottis,reduced jaw opening,protruding or loose incisors,over bite,reduced neck extension.The in-tubating achievement ratio was significantly higher in group DS than in group GS (P < 0.05 ).But there was no obvious difference between the two groups in the location success rate and intubation time.The postoperative incidence of tooth loss and oral mucosal injury was significantly higher in group GS than in group DS (P <0.05).Conclusion Both DS and GS were great helpful to intubation and location of DLT in the patients with difficult airway.But DS was more superior than that of GS in the difficult airway of reduced jaw opening,protruding or loose incisors,over bite and reduced neck extension.