从士文化传统看欧阳修的士情结

摘要

孔子"士志于道"的表述是对中国士文化本质属性的经典界定;道与势的博弈的历史运动形成了士文化传统的内涵.欧阳修士情结的实质就是要依靠对"道"的诠释来恢复知识、思想及信仰的批评力与有效性,从而让士阶层获得对抗皇权的话语权力,进而实现士的一个古老梦想:居于政治主体地位.综观欧阳修一生,不难发现士情结与其生平相纠缠的轨迹.换言之,正是一种难以抛却的"自主性"的士情结铸造了欧阳修的一生.%Confucius's expression of "Scholars aim at'Dao'" is a classical definition to the intrinsic characteristics of Chinese scholar culture.The historical movements of "Dao" and "Shi" (the authority, power) competing with each other have formed the contents of the scholar culture tradition.The essence of Ouyang Xiu's scholar complex is formulated as follows.Through interpreting "Dao", the critical ability and effectiveness of knowledge, ideology and belief could be recovered, and thus the scholar class could gain the discourse power against the royal sovereign.Finally the ancient dream of the scholar class could be realized: to occupy the principal position of politics.From a comprehensive point of view on the lifetime of Ouyang Xiu, it is not difficult to discover the paths where his scholar complex and his life were tangled.In other words, it is the non-abandoned, self-driven scholar complex that constructs the life story of Ouyang Xiu.