基于DEFORM-3D的筒形件冷挤压成形数值模拟

摘要

Compared with the traditional machining method,the cold extrusion forming can reduce the energy consumption and improve the utilization ratio of the material.The forming properties,the metal flowing rule,the effective strain,the stress distribution,maximum principal stress and the curve of pressing load for the cold extrusion forming process of the cylindrical part were simulated by using finite element software DEFORM-3D.The simulation results showed that the extrusion process of the cylindrical part can be divided into two stages:the positive extrusion stage and the backward extrusion stage.A load of die first increasing steady,and then jumped and declining slowly at the final stage. The maximum forming force is about 4 570 kN,which is in good agreement with the experiment results.The processing step of the cartridge can greatly simplified and the production efficiency can marked improved.%相对于传统切削加工方法,采用冷挤压工艺成形的筒形件可降低能耗、提高材料的利用率.采用DEFORM-3D有限元软件模拟分析了筒形件在挤压成形中金属流动的规律、等效应力、等效应变、最大主应力以及加载载荷等.研究结果表明:该筒形件挤压分为正挤压和反挤压2个阶段,整个挤压过程中模具载荷先平稳升高,然后急剧上升,最后阶段缓慢波动下降,所需最大成形力约为4570 kN.生产验证表明,试制产品与模拟结果一致性较好,简化了加工工序,可以大大提高生产效率.