罗尔斯顿自然价值论和全新价值哲学理论的建立--基于信息哲学的新解读

摘要

Ralston’s natural value theory plays an important role in the western ecological ethics.But the overwhelming majority of the natural value that Ralston suggested are all based on the evaluation dimension of human value.As a re-sult,Ralston’s philosophy of value did not carry out in the end of the concept of the natural values that he insisted.Con-temporary philosophy of information gives a value definition that is inclusive of the natural values and the value of infor-mation:“value is the effect of things (matter,information,including the subjective form of information spirit)what a-chieved through interaction between internal or external.”We should follow the natural value higher than the values of humanity,determine in-itself value,for-itself value and regenerated value the three basic forms for the value from the natural body,and to establish in-itself value primitive and fundamental position in the value phenomenon.The new phi-losophy of Value that is based on the natural values and material-information of the double value dimension will become the closest philosophical basis of ecological ethics and the strategy of human sustainable development.%罗尔斯顿的自然价值论在西方生态伦理学理论中占有很重要的地位。但罗尔斯顿提出的那些自然价值的形式绝大多数都是基于人类价值评价维度基础之上的，因而，罗尔斯顿的价值哲学并没有把他所坚持的自然价值的观念贯彻到底。当代信息哲学提出了一种能够同时包容自然价值和信息价值的价值定义：“价值乃是事物（物质、信息，包括信息的主观形态---精神）通过内部或外部相互作用所实现的效应。”我们应当遵循自然价值（天道价值）高于人道价值的价值理念，从自然本体出发把自在价值、自为价值和再生价值确定为价值的三种基本形式，并确立自在价值在价值现象中的本原性和基础性地位。立足于自然价值和物质-信息双重价值维度的全新价值哲学能够成为生态伦理学和人类坚持可持续发展战略的最切近的哲学基础。