夸张话语的感受质解释

摘要

What are hyperbole utterances and the objects they refer to?What are the working mechanisms of hyperbole ut-terances related to?The answers to these questions can be found in some of the theories concerned in semiotics and Phi-losophy of Mind.This study combines the Ternary Perspective of Sign Representation in semiotics with qualia in Philoso-phy of Mind and constructs a “quale”triangle which is made up of qualia,hyperbole utterances and quale-senses,thus the framework of a quale explanation of hyperbole utterances is formed.It is pointed out in this study that qualia are the interpretants and mainly explain what they are like to be.Hyperbole utterances are the representations.What hyperbole utterances magnify or minimize are the quantities of things and what have changed are their mental properties but not their physical ones.The objects that hyperbole utterances refer to are quale-senses,which mainly reflect the feelings of the language users.Under the effect of qualia,hyperbole utterances are linked with quale-senses.The working mechanisms of hyperbole utterances are closely related to qualia and quale-senses.%夸张话语及其所指涉的对象是什么？夸张话语的运作机制究竟跟什么有关？这些问题的答案可以在心智哲学和符号学的有关理论中找到。将符号学中的“符号表征三元观”和心智哲学中的感受质相结合，构建出由感受质、夸张话语和感受意共同构成的“感受质”三角，形成夸张话语的感受质解释框架，指出感受质是解释项，主要解释“像什么”的问题；夸张话语是表征项，其夸大或缩小的只是事物的数量，发生变化的是事物的心理属性，而事物的物理属性却保持不变；夸张话语所指涉的对象是感受意，主要表达了感知主体的心理感受。在感受质的作用下，夸张话语及其指涉的感受意才得以联通，夸张话语的运作机制跟感受质和感受意密切相关。