国际刑事法院被害人参与审前程序探析——以检察官诉卢班加案为例

摘要

International Criminal Court leads to the start of the international criminal victims’ participation in the proceedings by the status of victim independently. The Rome Statute established a relatively comprehensive system of crime victims’ participation in the pretrial procedure, which included investigation of a situation and confirmation of the charges before trial. The case of Prosecutor v. Lubanga, as the first case before the Court, has led to this practice. There were lots of apparent disputes about participating qualification and modes among the prosecution, defense, victims and their legal representatives, and pre-trial chamber has more discretion in the pretrial proceedings. China should obtain some hints from the International Criminal Court pre-trial mechanism, setting up the victim assistance agencies, ensuring the procedural rights of crime victims.%　　国际刑事法院开启了国际犯罪被害人独立参加诉讼活动的先河。《罗马规约》构建了比较全面的被害人参与审前程序体制，并在检察官诉卢班加案中获得初步实践。控辩双方、被害人及其诉讼代理人在审前程序参与资格、方式、作用等方面存在明显争议，预审法庭在被害人参与情势调查阶段与确认指控听讯阶段的过程中具有较大的自由裁量权。我国应当借鉴国际刑事法院预审机制，建立被害人援助机构，保障被害人的诉讼权利。