目的 探索一种安全、高效的小鼠气管插管新方法 .方法 60只BALB/c小鼠随机分为经口直视插管组和经颈透照直视插管组,每组30只.插管成功后,气管滴入脂多糖(LPS)3 mg/kg,24 h后行左肺灌洗,将灌洗液细胞离心沉淀后经瑞氏染色,光镜下行细胞分类,根据中性粒细胞浸润情况判断插管最终成功与否.比较两组小鼠的死亡率、一次插管成功率、最终插管成功率和插管耗时.结果 两组小鼠气管插管操作完成24 h内,经口直视插管组死亡8只,经颈透照直视插管组死亡2只,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).一次性插管成功率分别为53.3%和86.7%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);最终气管插管成功率为95.6%和96.4%,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).气管插管时间分别为(92.6±23.4)s,(64.0±20.1)s,经组间比较T检验,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 两种气管插管方法 均可顺利完成气管插管.但经颈透照直视气管插管可显著提高气管插管效率,降低插管后死亡率,是小鼠试验中简捷实用安全可靠的气管插管方法 .%Objective To explore a safe and efficient method for endotracheal intubation in mice.Methods 60 BALB/c mice were random divided into 2 groups, direct intubation under direct vision group, ( n = 30) and direct intubation under light by transillumination group ( n = 30).After successful tracheal intubation at the first judgment, mouse received a tracheal instillation of 3 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide.Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was then performed three times with 0.8 ml sterile saline.Exudate cells were centrifuged and stained with Wright's fluid.Whether the intubation indeed succeeded was judged by the amount of neutrophil infiltrated into the lungs.The mortality after intubation, the time consumed for each successful tracheal intubation and the times of attempting for intubation in two groups were assessed to approve the efficiency of two techniques.Results Eight vs.two mice died within 24 hours in two groups respectively.The time consumed for each successful tracheal intubation and success rate for the first time for two groups were (92.6 ±23.4)s vs (64.0±20.1)s and 53.3% vs 86.7% respectively, which the consumed time was significantly different, while the final success rate almost the same for the two groups.Conclusion Both direct intubation under direct vision and intubation under light by transillumination can successfully intubate the tube into the trachea.But direct intubation under direct vision by transillumination is more efficient and safe in endotracheal intubation in mice.
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