设计包覆绝缘层的高压电极并加工4种新型静电聚结器,采用水/原油乳状液为试验介质,利用显微高速摄像系统结合图像处理技术对水滴的聚结规律进行观察和分析,探索电极层数、电极间距和电场强度等因素对水滴聚结特性的影响.结果表明:包覆绝缘层的高压电极可有效防止电击穿现象的发生,增加电场强度,提高电场作用时间有助于油水分离,但高于临界场强后容易导致液滴破碎；电极层数不同时,只要达到一定的电场强度均能促进液滴聚结,但多层电极处理量大,经济效益显著；极板间距较小时,能耗低但电场畸变严重,在满足工作场强的前提下可以适当增加电极间距；能耗受含水率、电极层数和极板间距等条件影响,综合考虑各因素可降低能耗.%The insulated high voltage electrode and four types of electrostatic coalescers were designed and made. By using the micro high-speed camera system and image processing technology, the coalescence characteristics of water droplets at AC electric field were studied with water in crude oil emulsion. The effects of electric field intensity, number of electrode layer and electrode spacing on water droplets coalescence were investigated. The results show that the insulated high voltage electrode can effectively prevent electric breakdown. High electric field intensity and long residence time are conductive to water droplets coalescence, but if the electric field intensity is higher than critical one, the water droplets will rupture. If the electric field intensity is high enough to promote droplet coalescence, the number of electrode layer is not important. But the coa-lesceT with multielectrode can enhance the flow rate and more economical. When electrode spacing is small, the power consumption is low but the electric field is badly distorted. If the electric field can effectively promote water droplet coalescence, the electrode spacing can be increased to avoid adverse effect. The power consumption is affected by water content, number of electrode layer, electrode spacing and so on, and the power consumption should be decreased in consideration of the field condition and electrode structure.
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